论文标题

具有新型Mura口罩的扩展源的信号与噪声比优化

Signal to Noise Ratio optimization for extended sources with a new kind of MURA masks

论文作者

Kaissas, Ioannis, Papadimitropoulos, Christos, Clouvas, Alexandros, Potiriadis, Costas, Lambropoulos, Charalambos

论文摘要

使用编码的光圈,用于定位放射性热点,可提高效率,并在某些配置广泛的视野(FOV)下。我们提出了一种编码的孔径组装技术,该技术可以轻松进行重组,并降低使用该技术构建的编码孔的固有噪声,当它们定位在空间扩展的γ发射器上。具体而言,通过将铅球嵌入在透明介质内加工的位置(如丙烯酸玻璃)内加工的位置的矩阵中,通过将铅球嵌入到丙烯酸玻璃等位置的矩阵中,从而使不透明面积比的透明透明,从而提高了检测效率。这种配置还引起了相关矩阵的点传播功能(PSF)上的系统,元素的噪声。当用这些光圈成像扩展热点时,半半月现象会出现并减少这种固有的噪声,就像内核滤波器所做的那样。快速转变(FFT)用于分析这种现象对相关矩阵的影响,并在一定程度上解释其信噪比(SNR)的最大化。模拟已用于对热点尺寸的SNR依赖性的详细研究,而两个99mTC圆柱源的实验分别为11mm和24mm直径为11mm和24mm,并且每个MBQ活性分别为1.5 MBQ活性,确认固有噪声的减少。结果定义了用于检测扩展热点的成像设置的优化方式。这样的优化可能有用,例如在淋巴结或核医学中的甲状腺残余成像的情况下。最后,我们提出了一个由自动相关功能(ACF)得出的内核滤波器,该滤波器将应用于具有较高固有噪声的PSF上,以消除它。

Using coded aperture, for localization of radioactive hot-spots, results in enhanced efficiency and under certain configurations wide Field of View (FOV). We present a coded aperture assembly technique which can be restructured easily, as well as the reduction of the intrinsic noise of coded apertures constructed with this technique, when they localize spatially extended γ-emitters. Specifically, Modified-Uniformly-Redundant-Array (MURA) coded apertures are structured by embedding lead spheres in a matrix of positions machined inside a transparent medium such as acrylic glass, resulting in an advantageous transparent to opaque area ratio and thus an improved detection efficiency. This configuration also induces a systematic, element-wise, noise on the Point-Spread-Function (PSF) of the correlation matrix. When imaging with these apertures extended hot-spots, a penumbra phenomenon occurrs and reduces this intrinsic noise, in the way a kernel filter does. Fast-Fourier-Transform (FFT) is used to analyze the effect of this phenomenon on the correlation matrix and to explain the maximization of its Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for certain extent of the hot-spots. Simulations have been used for the detailed study of the SNR dependence on the dimensions of the hot-spot, while experiments with two 99mTc cylindrical sources with 11mm and 24mm diameter, respectively and 1.5 MBq activity each, confirm the reduction of the intrinsic noise. The results define the way of optimization of the imaging setup for the detection of extended hot-spots. Such an optimization could be useful for example in the case of lymph nodes or thyroid remnant imaging in nuclear medicine. Finally, we propose a kernel filter, derived by the Auto-Correlation-Function (ACF), to be applied on PSFs with high intrinsic noise, in order to eliminate it.

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