论文标题
旋转中子恒星磁层的电动力学和辐射
Electrodynamics and radiation from rotating neutron star magnetospheres
论文作者
论文摘要
中子恒星是高速旋转的紧凑型物体，最多只有光速的一小部分（对于毫秒的脉冲星，最高为20 \％），并且具有超强的电磁场（距\ numprint {4.4e9}〜\ siunits {4.4e9}〜\ siunits {\ siunits {\ siunits {\ tesla}}）。此外，由于大量的$ e^\ pm $ $ $对在磁层中的创造，恒星周围的相对论等离子体被迫进入旋律，直到旋转速度达到光速的光缸。中子恒星电磁活性由其旋转提供动力，在此光缸的附近，它变得相对论。这些物体自然会在大约数千公里的宏观尺度上诱导相对论旋转，这是触发中央发动机的关键成分，如在地球上观察到的。在本文中，我们阐明了受高效的颗粒加速和辐射，该旋转等离子体的一些显着特征，强调了有关中子星星磁层的当前理论的几个问题和局限性。这些系统中的相对论旋转是通过磁层内产生的辐射间接探测的。根据对粒子运动和辐射机制的基本假设，在其宽带电磁发射时，预计其光曲线，光谱，脉冲曲线和极化角度的不同签名。我们表明，这些测量值对描述旋转中子恒星磁层中颗粒电动力学的方式进行了严格的约束。
Neutron stars are compact objects rotating at high speed, up to a substantial fraction of the speed of light (up to 20\% for millisecond pulsars) and possessing ultra-strong electromagnetic fields (close to and sometimes above the quantum critical field of \numprint{4.4e9}~\SIunits{\tesla}). Moreover, due to copious $e^\pm$ pair creation within the magnetosphere, the relativistic plasma surrounding the star is forced into corotation up to the light cylinder where the corotation speed reaches the speed of light. The neutron star electromagnetic activity is powered by its rotation which becomes relativistic in the neighbourhood of this light cylinder. These objects naturally induce relativistic rotation on macroscopic scales about several thousands of kilometers, a crucial ingredient to trigger the central engine as observed on Earth. In this paper, we elucidate some of the salient features of this corotating plasma subject to efficient particle acceleration and radiation, emphasizing several problems and limitations concerning current theories of neutron star magnetospheres. Relativistic rotation in these systems is indirectly probed by the radiation produced within the magnetosphere. Depending on the underlying assumptions about particle motion and radiation mechanisms, different signatures on their light-curves, spectra, pulse profiles and polarisation angles are expected in their broadband electromagnetic emission. We show that these measurements put stringent constraints on the way to describe particle electrodynamics in a rotating neutron star magnetosphere.
