论文标题

非弹性硬球的限制性二维气体的动力学模型

Kinetic model for a confined quasi-two-dimensional gas of inelastic hard spheres

论文作者

Brey, J. Javier, Maynar, P., de Soria, M. I. García

论文摘要

获得了弹性或非弹性硬球的稀释气体的密度,动量和能量的局部平衡方程,并在两个平行的硬板之间强烈限制。起点是最近为该系统得出的类似Boltzmann的动力学方程。由于限制的结果,除了与颗粒运动相关的术语外,压力张量和热通量还包括碰撞转移贡献,类似于出现超出稀数极限的术语。这些术语和动力学方程本身的复杂性损害了方程式描述在这种系统中观察到的丰富现象学的潜力。因此,提出了基于玻尔兹曼方程的更简单的模型方程。该模型的配制是为了保留基础方程的主要属性,并且预计将在比原始方程更一般状态下提供相关信息。作为例子,考虑了描述温度均匀的宏观状态的溶液,但考虑到垂直于板的密度梯度。这是弹性系统的平衡状态,对于无弹性硬球的情况,这是不均匀的冷却状态。结果与直接从Boltzmann方程获得的先前结果非常吻合。

The local balance equations for the density, momentum, and energy of a dilute gas of elastic or inelastic hard spheres, strongly confined between two parallel hard plates are obtained. The starting point is a Boltzmann-like kinetic equation, recently derived for this system. As a consequence of the confinement, the pressure tensor and the heat flux contain, in addition to the terms associated to the motion of the particles, collisional transfer contributions, similar to those that appear beyond the dilute limit. The complexity of these terms, and of the kinetic equation itself, compromise the potential of the equation to describe the rich phenomenology observed in this kind of systems. For this reason, a simpler model equation based on the Boltzmann equation is proposed. The model is formulated to keep the main properties of the underlying equation, and it is expected to provide relevant information in more general states than the original equation. As an illustration, the solution describing a macroscopic state with uniform temperature, but a density gradient perpendicular to the plates is considered. This is the equilibrium state for an elastic system, and the inhomogeneous cooling state for the case of inelastic hard spheres. The results are in good agreement with previous results obtained directly from the Boltzmann equation.

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