论文标题
唯一的孤儿
Singular solitons
论文作者
论文摘要
我们证明,通常将孤子视为由非线性自我吸引和线性分散型相互作用产生的非词素解决方案的典型概念,可以扩展到包括中央点相对较弱的奇异性的模式,这使其整体范围融合。这样的状态是由自我抑制产生的,自我抑制作用应足够强,即以隔膜,五分和通常的立方术语为代表,分别是一,二维和三维(1d,2d和3d)的非线性Schroedinger方程(NLSE)的框架。尽管这种解决方案似乎是违反直觉的,但我们证明了它们承认了一种直接的解释,这是由于筛选了通过散热性非线性引入了吸引人的Delta功能潜力的结果。有吸引力的潜力的强度(“裸露”)在1D中是无限的,在2D中有限,而在3D中消失了。发现了小距离和大距离的单数孤子的分析渐近造物,以数值形式产生的孤子的整个形状。通过数值方法验证,抗Vakhitov-Kolokolov标准(在其适用于模型的假设下)准确地预测了单数模式的完全稳定性。在2D中,具有五重奏自我关注术语的NLSE也以固有的涡度为单一的孤子解决方案,但它们完全不稳定。我们还提到,模型可以在非线性项前具有复杂的系数来生产耗散奇异的孤子。
We demonstrate that the commonly known concept, which treats solitons as nonsingular solutions produced by the interplay of nonlinear self-attraction and linear dispersion, may be extended to include modes with a relatively weak singularity at the central point, which keeps their integral norm convergent. Such states are generated by self-repulsion, which should be strong enough, namely, represented by septimal, quintic, and usual cubic terms in the framework of the one-, two-, and three-dimensional (1D, 2D, and 3D) nonlinear Schroedinger equations (NLSEs), respectively. Although such solutions seem counterintuitive, we demonstrate that they admit a straightforward interpretation as a result of screening of an additionally introduced attractive delta-functional potential by the defocusing nonlinearity. The strength ("bare charge") of the attractive potential is infinite in 1D, finite in 2D, and vanishingly small in 3D. Analytical asymptotics of the singular solitons at small and large distances are found, entire shapes of the solitons being produced in a numerical form. Complete stability of the singular modes is accurately predicted by the anti-Vakhitov-Kolokolov criterion (under the assumption that it applies to the model), as verified by means of numerical methods. In 2D, the NLSE with a quintic self-focusing term admits singular soliton solutions with intrinsic vorticity too, but they are fully unstable. We also mention that dissipative singular solitons can be produced by the model with a complex coefficient in front of the nonlinear term.