论文标题
在系外行星转运的背景下测试太阳活动范式
Testing the solar activity paradigm in the context of exoplanet transits
论文作者
论文摘要
跨酷星的系外行星的过渡包含有关恒星表面以及行星身体和气氛的结构的混合信息。为了促进了解该信息的纠缠方式，使用基于太阳磁场的观察到的特性的表面畅通器传输代码用于模拟假设的恒星光电在4000 Angstrom附近的可见光到1.6微米附近的可见光，并通过绘制faculae and Spots to faculae and Spots的范围。计算出恒星的外观，以达到平均磁通密度的恒星的阳光恒星，高约30倍。将木星类行星的模拟过境信号与观测值进行了比较。 This (1) suggests that the solar paradigm is consistent with observations for stars throughout the activity range explored provided that infrequent large active regions with fluxes up to $\sim 3\times 10^{23}$ Mx are included in the emergence spectrum, (2) quantitatively confirms that for such a model, faculae brighten relatively inactive stars while starspots dim more active stars, (3) suggests that large starspots由活跃恒星的过渡推论与模型运行中更紧凑的斑点的簇相一致，（4）（4）在此处研究的活性范围和行星直径范围内由恒星磁性活性引起的波长依赖于波长依赖于波长的过渡效应，可以引入明显的变化。在可见到近红外光谱的宽带恒星光芒器的扭曲可能达到数％。
Transits of exoplanets across cool stars contain blended information about structures on the stellar surface and about the planetary body and atmosphere. To advance understanding of how this information is entangled, a surface-flux transport code, based on observed properties of the Sun's magnetic field, is used to simulate the appearance of hypothetical stellar photospheres from the visible near 4000 Angstrom to the near-IR at 1.6 micron, by mapping intensities characteristic of faculae and spots onto stellar disks. Stellar appearances are computed for a Sun-like star of solar activity up to a star with mean magnetic flux density ~30 times higher. Simulated transit signals for a Jupiter-class planet are compared with observations. This (1) suggests that the solar paradigm is consistent with observations for stars throughout the activity range explored provided that infrequent large active regions with fluxes up to $\sim 3\times 10^{23}$ Mx are included in the emergence spectrum, (2) quantitatively confirms that for such a model, faculae brighten relatively inactive stars while starspots dim more active stars, (3) suggests that large starspots inferred from transits of active stars are consistent with clusters of more compact spots seen in the model runs, (4) that wavelength-dependent transit-depth effects caused by stellar magnetic activity for the range of activity and the planetary diameter studied here can introduce apparent changes in the inferred exoplanetary radii across wavelengths from a few hundred to a few thousand kilometers, increasing with activity, and (5) that activity-modulated distortions of broadband stellar radiance across the visible to near-IR spectrum can reach several percent.
