TECHNICAL ISO/TR REPORT 12296 First edition 2012-06-01 Ergonomics Manual handling of people in the healthcare sector Ergonomie Manutention manuelle des personnes dans le secteur de la santé Reference number ISO/TR 12296:2012(E) ISO 2012 by IHS under lic ted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO/TR 12296:2012(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @ISO2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, IsO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 : CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ ISO 2012-All rights reserved py IHS unde Not for Resale ISO/TR12296:2012(E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms.. 3 Recommendations 3.1 General aspects. 3.2 3.2.1 Hazard identification ... 3.2.2 Risk estimation and evaluation 3.3 Risk reduction.... Annex A (informative) Risk estimation and risk evaluation ... .8 Annex B (informative) Organizational aspects of patient handling interventions . 38 Annex C (informative) Aids and equipment .. .43 Annex D (informative) Buildings and environment.. .59 Annex E (informative) Staff education and training .. Annex F (informative) Relevant information regarding the evaluation of intervention effectiveness..74 Bibliography... Copyrght International Organization forStandardizalonghts reserved ii se from IHS Not for Resale ISO/TR 12296:2012(E) Foreword Iso (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies technicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeen non-governmental, in liaison with IsO, also take part in the work. IsO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(iEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/lEC Directives, Part 2 adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard ("state of the art", for example), it may decide by a informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. IsO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 12296 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 3, Anthropometry and biomechanics. ional Organization for Standardization @ ISO 2012 - All rights reserved ISO/TR 12296:2012(E) Introduction National and international statistics provide evidence that healthcare staff are subject to some of the highest risksofmusculoskeletaldisorders(particularlyforthespineandshoulder),ascomparedwithotherjobs Manual patient handling often induces high loads on the musculoskeletal systems, in particular on the lower back. Manual patient handling ought to be avoided where possible 1) or be performed in a low-risk manner. Factors such as the number, capacity, experience and qualification of caregivers can interact with the following conditions to produce an increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders: number, type and condition of patients to be handled; awkward postures and force exertion; inadequacy (or absence) of equipment; restricted spaces where patients are handled; lack of education and training in caregivers' specific tasks. A good analysis of work organization, including handling tasks and the above-mentioned risk determinants, is The recommendation