ISO/TR TECHNICAL REPORT 11225 First edition 2012-10-15 Space environment (natural and artificial) Guide to reference and standard atmosphere models Environnement spatial (naturel et artificiel) Guide pour les modeles d'atmosphere standard et de référence Reference number ISO/TR 11225:2012(E) @ISO2012 py IHS under ted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO/TR 11225:2012(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @ISO2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either isO at the address below or IsO's memberbody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56. CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 4122749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ ISO 2012 - All rights reserved y IHS unde permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO/TR 11225:2012(E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction .. vi 1 Scope 2 Normative references.. 3 Terms and definitions. .2 4 COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere (CIRA), 1986... 5 COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere (CIRA), 2008.. 6 Iso reference atmospheres for aerospace use, 1982.... 7 Iso standard atmosphere, 1975... 8 NASA/GSFC monthly mean global climatology of temperature, wind, geopotential height and pressure for 0-120 KM, 1988 ... .9 9 NASA/MSFC global reference atmosphere model (GRAM-99), 1999 .. ..11 10 NASA/MSFC Earth global reference atmosphere model (Earth GRAM-07), 2007... ..15 11 US standard atmosphere, 1962.. ...20 12 US standard atmosphere supplements, 1966 ... ..21 13 US standard atmosphere, 1976... ...22 14 International Reference lonosphere (IRl), 2007... ..25 15 Exopheric hydrogen model, 1994.. ...27 16 SHARC/SAMM atmosphere generator, SAG-2 (0-30o KM) ... 17 Proposed international tropical reference atmosphere, 1987 ... ....30 18 Referenced atmosphere for Indian equatorial zone from surface to 80 km, 1985.... 19 Referencemodelofthemiddleatmosphereofthesouthernhemisphere,1987....... ....32 20 China national standard atmosphere, 1980.... ...34 21 Iso middle atmosphere-global model at altitudes between 30 km and 120 km, and wind model at altitudes above 30 km, 1996..... .35 22 A new reference middle atmosphere program model atmosphere, 1985.. ..36 23 AFGL atmospheric constituent profiles (0-120 km), 1986.. .37 24 AFGL extreme envelopes of climatic elements up to 80 km, 1973 ... ...39 25 AFGL profiles of temperature and density based on 1- and 10-percent extremes in the stratosphere and troposphere, 1984 .. ..41 26 AFGL global reference atmosphere from 18 to 80 km, 1985... .42 27 Extensions to the CiRA reference models for middle atmosphere ozone, 1993 ... ...43 28 Update to the stratospheric nitric acid reference atmosphere, 1998.. .44 29 Reference atmosphere for the atomic sodium layer (CiRA 2008).... 30 Drag temperature model (DTM)-2000, thermospheric model, 2001 . .46 ili Copyright International Organization for Standardizallon'ghts reserved nse from IHS ISO/TR 11225:2012(E) 31 Earth's upper atmosphere density model for ballistics support of flights of artificial Earth satellites, 1985.... 32 Russian Earth's upper atmosphere density model for ballistic support of the flight of artificial Earthsatellites,2004... 33 Jacchia J70 static models of the thermosphere and exosphere with empirical temperature profiles,1970. .51 34 Jacchia J71 revised static models of the thermosphere and exosphere with empirical temperature profiles, 1971... 35 Jacchia J77 thermospheric temperature, density and composition: new models, 1977....54 36 Jacchia-Bowman 2006 (JB2006) empirical thermospheric density model... 37 Jacchia-Bowman 2008 (JB2008) empirical thermospheric density model.... 38 NASA Marshall engineering thermosphere model, version 2.0 (MET-V2.0), 2002.... 39 NASA Marshall engineering thermosphere model version 2007 (MET-2007