ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 31110 Firstedition 2020-12 Wheeled child conveyances Pushchairs and prams - Requirements and test methods Voitures d'enfant - Poussettes et landaus - Exigences et méthodes d'essai Reference number IS0 31110:2020(E) OSI IS02020 IS0 31110:2020(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @IS02020 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either IsO at the address below or ISo's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 401 · Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Email: [email protected] Website: www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii @ IS0 2020 - All rights reserved IS0 31110:2020(E) Contents Page Foreword .vi 1 Scope. 1 2 Normative references. 3 Terms and definitions. .1 4 General requirements and test conditions 4 4.1 General. 4 4.2 Samples.. 4 4.3 Principle of the most onerous condition 4 4.4 Tolerances for test equipment 5 4.5 Testconditions 5 4.6 Determination of the protected volume 5 4.6.1 Protected volume of seat units 5 4.6.2 Protected volume of pram bodies having a length greater than 8o0 mm 7 4.6.3 Protected volume for pram bodies having a maximum internal length of 800 mm and car seats .8 4.7 Determination of the junction line. 8 4.8 Determination of occupant space. 4.8.1 Determination of occupant space for seat unit and car seat 9 4.8.2 Determination of occupant space for pram body having a length less than 800 mm. 9 4.8.3 Determination of occupant space for pram body having a length greater than800mm 9 5 Test equipment. .10 5.1 Test masses .10 5.1.1 General. .10 5.1.2 Test mass A .10 5.1.3 Test mass B .11 5.1.4 Test mass C. .12 5.1.5 Test mass D .13 5.1.6 Test mass Do .14 5.1.7 Test mass F 15 5.1.8 Test mass G .15 5.1.9 Test bar. .17 5.2 Test probes. .17 5.2.1 Finger probes .17 5.2.2 Conical probes. 18 5.3 Angle measuring device .19 5.4 Test ball .21 5.5 Hinged board 21 5.6 Small parts cylinder .21 5.7 Test surface .22 5.8 Rectangular stops. .22 5.9 Irregular surface test equipment .22 5.9.1 Obstacles. 22 5.9.2 Articulating arms. .24 5.10 Test cylinder. .24 5.11 Clamp device. .25 6 Chemical hazards 26 6.1 General. .26 6.2 Requirements .26 6.2.1 General. .26 6.2.2 Sampling. .27 @ IS0 2020 - All rights reserved ii IS0 31110:2020(E) 6.3 Migration of certain elements. .27 6.4 Phthalates ..27 6.5 Azo colorants. .28 6.6 Formaldehyde .29 6.7 Flame retardants .29 7 Thermal hazards .30 8 Mechanical hazards .30 8.1 Protective functions. ..30 8.1.1 Suitability of vehicle. .30 8.1.2 Minimum internal height of pram body .33 8.1.3 Restraint system and fasteners. .34 8.2 Entrapment hazards .39 8.2.1 Holes and openings 8.3 Hazards from moving parts ..40 8.3.1 Requirements .40 8.3.2 Shearing hazards .40 8.3.3 Crushing hazards (see E3.4) .41 8.3.4 Wheels. ..41 8.3.5 Locking mechanism(s) ..41 8.4 Entanglement hazards. ..45 8.4.1 Requirements .45 8.4.2 Test method. ..46 8.5 Choking and ingestion hazards. ..46 8.5.1 Requirements 8.5.2 Test methods .47 8.6 Suffocation hazards. .48 8.6.1 Internal lining of the pram body and seat unit ..48 8.6.2 Requirements - Packaging. ..48 8.7 Hazards from edges and protrusions. ..48 8.8 Parking and braking devices .48 8.8.1 Requirements 8.8.2 Test methods 49 8.9 Stability... 52 8.9.1 Stability of vehicle. .52 8.10 Structural integrity... .56 8.10.1 Carrying handles and handle anchorage points of pram bodies and seat units with a carrying function. .56 8.10.2 Longitudinal stability of a pram body with carrying handles. .57 8.10.3 Strength and durability of attachment devices for pram bodies, seat units, carseatsorcarrycots 57 8.10.4 Irregular surface test. 58 8.10.5 Dynamic strength .59 8.10.6 Wheel strength .61 8.10.7 Handl