ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 10303-11 Second edition 2004-11-01 Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 11: Description methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual Systemes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration Représentation etéchangededonneesdeproduits- Partie 11: Méthodes de description: Manuel de reference du langage EXPRESS Reference number ISO 10303-11:2004(E) ISO Copyright International Organization for Standardization @ISO2004 ted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 10303-11:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by IsO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below @ISO2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, IsO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 . CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland yemainagazainandardizato @ IsO 2004-All rights reserved nitted without licensefrom IHS Not for Resale ISO 10303-11:2004(E) Contents Page 0 Introduction xii 0.1 General xii 0.2 Language overview xii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions 2 3.1 Terms defined in ISO 10303-1 2 3.2 Terms defined in ISO/IEC 10646 2 3.3 Other terms and definitions 4 Conformance requirements 5 4.1 Formal specifications written in EXPRESS 5 4.1.1 Lexical language 5 4.1.2 Graphical form 6 4.2 Implementations of EXPRESS 6 4.2.1 EXPRESS language parser 6 4.2.2 Graphical editing tool 9 5 Fundamental principles 7 6 Language specification syntax 8 6.1 The syntax of the specification 8 6.2 Special character notation 9 7 Basic language elements 9 7.1 Character set 10 7.1.1 Digits 10 7.1.2 Letters 10 7.1.3 Special characters 11 7.1.4 Underscore 11 7.1.5 Whitespace 11 7.1.6 Remarks 11 7.2 Reserved words 14 7.2.1 Keywords 14 7.2.2 Reserved words which are operators 14 7.2.3 Built-in constants 15 7.2.4 Built-in functions 15 7.2.5 Built-in procedures 15 7.3 Symbols 15 7.4 Identifiers 15 7.5 Literals 16 7.5.1 Binary literal 16 7.5.2 Integer literal 17 7.5.3 Real literal 17 7.5.4 String literal 18 7.5.5 Logical literal 19 8 Data types 19 8.1 Simple data types 20 @ISO 2004 All rights reserved ii Copyright International Organization for Standardization out license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 10303-11:2004(E) 8.1.1 Number data type 20 8.1.2 Real data type 20 8.1.3 Integer data type 21 8.1.4 Logical data type . 21 8.1.5 Boolean data type 21 8.1.6 String data type 21 8.1.7 Binary data type 22 8.2 Aggregation data types 23 8.2.1 Array data type 24 8.2.2 List data type 25 8.2.3 Bag data type 26 8.2.4 Set data type 26 8.2.5 Value uniqueness on aggregates 27 8.3 Named data types 28 8.3.1 Entity data type 28 8.3.2 Defined data type 29 8.4 Constructed data types 29 8.4.1 Enumeration data type 30 8.4.2 Select data type 33 8.5 Generalized data types 35 8.6 Data type usage classification 35 8.6.1 Instantiable data types 37 8.6.2 Parameter data types 37 8.6.3 Underlying data types 37 9 Declarations 38 9.1 Type declaration 38 9.2 Entity declaration 40 9.2.1 Attributes 41 9.2.2 Local rules 45 9.2.3 Subtypes and supertypes 48 9.2.4 Abstract entity data type 54 9.2.5 Subtype/supertype constraints 55 9