International ISO Standard ISO 10218-1 Third edition Robotics Safety requirements - 2025-02 Part 1: Industrial robots Robotique - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 1: Robots industriels Reference number IS0 10218-1:2025(en) @ ISO 2025 IS0 10218-1:2025(en) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS02025 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either IsO at the address below or ISo's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 401: Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Email: [email protected] Website: www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ IS0 2025 - All rights reserved ii IS0 10218-1:2025(en) Contents Page Foreword. ..vi Introduction .vii 1 Scope. .1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms .3 3.1 Terms and definitions. ..3 3.1.1 Robot, robot system, robot application, application. .3 3.1.2 Sub-assemblies and components. 3.1.3 Controls-related. 3.1.4 Program-related 3.1.5 Power-, energy-related. ..8 3.1.6 Hazard-related 8 3.1.7 Role-related. ..8 3.1.8 Functional safety-related .9 3.1.9 Spaces, zones and distances ..10 3.1.10 Risk reduction measures .11 3.1.11 Verification and validation .12 3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols. .12 4 Risk assessment. .13 5 Design and risk reduction measures .13 5.1 Robot design. 13 5.1.1 General. .13 5.1.2 Materials, mechanical strength and mechanical design 13 5.1.3 Handling, lifting and transportation. .14 5.1.4 Packaging. 15 5.1.5 Stability. 15 5.1.6 Temperature and fire risks 15 5.1.7 Special equipment 15 5.1.8 Position holding. 15 5.1.9 Auxiliary axis (axes) 15 5.1.10 Power loss or change .16 5.1.11 Component malfunction .16 5.1.12 Hazardous energy ..16 5.1.13 Electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic parts .17 5.1.14 Tool centre point (TCP) setting .17 5.1.15 Payload setting. ..18 5.1.16 Cybersecurity .18 5.1.17 Robot class .18 5.2 Controls. .19 5.2.1 General .19 5.2.2 Protection from unexpected start-up .19 5.2.3 Singularity 20 5.2.4 Interlocking devices. 20 5.2.5 Status indication and warning devices 20 5.2.6 Labelling 20 5.2.7 Modes. 20 5.2.8 Means of controlling the robot .23 5.2.9 Means of initiating automatic operation. 25 5.3 Safety functions. 25 5.3.1 General. 25 5.3.2 Functional safety standards 25 5.3.3 Performance 25 5.3.4 Failure or fault detection 26 @ IS0 2025 - All rights reserved iii IS0 10218-1:2025(en) 5.3.5 Parameterization of safety functions 26 5.3.6 Communications 26 5.3.7 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .27 5.4 Stopping functions 28 5.4.1 General 28 5.4.2 Emergency stop 28 5.4.3 Protectivestop 29 5.4.4 Normal stop 29 5.5 Other safety functions 30 5.5.1 Single-point-of-control. 30 5.5.2 Start/restart interlock and reset. 30 5.5.3 Speed limit(s) monitoring. .31 5.5.4 Enabling function. .32 5.5.5 Monitored-standstill. 33 5.5.6 Stopping time limiting .33 5.5.7 Stopping distance limiting 34 5.6 Simultaneous motion. 34 5.7 Limiting robot motion. 34 5.7.1 General .34 5.7.2 Mechanical limiting 35 5.7.3 Electro-mechanical limiting. .35 5.7.4 Software-based limiting. 35 5.7.5 Dynamic limiting. 36 5.8 Movement without drive power. 36 5.9 Lasers and laser equipment. 36 5.10 Capabilities for collaborative applications 36 5.10.1 General .36 5.10.2 Hand-guided control (HGC) 36 5.10.3 Speed and separation monitoring (SSM) .37 5.10.4 Power and force limiting (PFL) 38 6 Verification and validation .38 6.1 General. .38 6.2 Verification and validation 38 7 Information for use, .38 7.1 General 38 7.2 Signals and warning devices. 39 7.3 Marking .39 7.4 Signs (pictograms) and written warnings .39 7.5 Instruction handbook .40 7.5.1 General .40 7.5.2 Identification .40 7.5.3 Intended use. .40 7.5.4 Installation .41 7.5.5 Stopping. 41 7.5.6 Commissioning and programming .41 7.5.7 Operation and setting .42 7.5.8 Singuiarity .42 7.5.9 Hazard