TECHNICAL ISO/TR REPORT 21414 First edition 2016-02-15 Hydrometry - Groundwater - Surface geophysical surveys for hydrogeological purposes Hydromeétrie - Eaux souterraines - Relevés géophysiques de surface pour des besoins hydrogeologiques Reference number IS0/TR 21414:2016(E) ISO International Organization for Standardization =ZHEJIANG INST OF STANDARDIZATION C1 5956617 @IS02016 vided by IHS under itted without license from IHS IS0/TR21414:2016(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS02016,PublishedinSwitzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyrightoffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 . CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 [email protected] www.iso.org Intenationaibr PrganizationforStandardization icensee-ZHEJIANG INST OF STANDARDIZoISQ s.6 - All rights reserved etworking permitted without license from IHS IS0/TR 21414:2016(E) Contents Page Foreword ..vi Introduction. ..vii 1 Scope. 2 Terms and definitions 3 Units of measurement. 4 Purpose of geophysical survey 5 Planning. .6 5.1 General considerations .6 5.2 Access to the area... 5.3 Equipment. .6 5.4 Safety and precautions in operation 5.5 Planning of survey.. .7 5.6 Quality control in field data collection 5.7 Site/area details. .7 6 Electrical resistivity. .7 6.1 Purpose... 6.2 Principles of measurement ..8 6.3 Instruments .13 6.4 Field procedures. .13 6.5 Processing of data .15 6.6 Interpretation 15 6.7 Advantages. .17 6.8 Disadvantages ..17 6.9 Limitations. .17 Self-potential. .18 7.1 Purpose. .18 7.2 Principles of measurement .18 7.3 Instrument. 18 7.4 Field procedures. .18 7.5 Processing of data .19 7.6 Interpretation .19 7.7 Advantages .19 7.8 Disadvantages .19 7.9 Limitations. .19 8 Frequency domain electromagnetic (horizontal loop) 20 8.1 Purpose. 20 8.2 Principles of measurement 20 8.3 Instrument.. 21 8.4 Field procedures 21 8.5 Processing of data 22 8.6 Interpretations. 22 8.7 Advantages. .22 8.8 Disadvantages 23 8.9 Limitations 23 9 Transient (time domain) electromagnetic .23 9.1 Purpose.. 23 9.2 Principles of measurement 23 9.3 Instrument. 23 9.4 Field procedures. .24 9.5 Processing of data 24 9.6 Interpretation .24 iii ISee=ZHEJIANG INST OF STANDARDIZATION C1 5956617 ithout license from IHS