ISO/TR TECHNICAL REPORT 20278 First edition 2015-12-01 Unwanted reflections from the active and inactive areas of display surfaces visible during use Réflexions non désirées des zones actives et inactives des surfaces de I'écran visibles durantI'utilisation Reference number ISO/TR 20278:2015(E) ISO International Organization for Standardization =ZHEJIANG INST OF STANDARDIZATION C1 5956617 @IS02015 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS IS0/TR 20278:2015(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS0 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISOcopyrightoffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 · CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 [email protected] www.iso.org Internationai ibr DrganizationforStandardization Licensee-ZHEJIANG INST.OF STANDARDIZzRoISQ5 - All rights reserved Not for Resale, 2016/3/29 05:44:51 networking permited withoutlicense from IHS IS0/TR 20278:2015(E) Contents Page Foreword ..V 1 Scope .1 2 Terms and definitions ..1 3 Unwanted reflections within the context of the Is0 9241-3xx series 3.1 Glare and unwanted reflections .2 3.2 Direct glare in the context of the IS0 9241-3xx standards series. .2 3.3 Glare by reflection. ..3 4 Visual discomfort and glare while using computer displays .3 4.1 Asthenopia .3 5 Unwanted reflections from displays 5.1 General .3 5.2 Glare and unwanted reflections on screens in the Is0 9241-3xx series .4 6 Pertinent regulations regarding glare and unwanted reflections ..4 6.1 European Directive 90-270 - On the minimum safety and health requirements forworkwithdisplayscreenequipment ..4 6.2 The meaning of disturbing glare within the IS0 9241-3xx series. ..4 6.2.1 General ..4 6.2.2 CIE definitions of discomfort glare and disability glare .4 6.2.3 Unwanted reflections as currently specified and limited in IS0 9241-303, 9241-305 and 9241-307 for the active area of displays (screens) ..5 6.3 Interaction between specular, diffuse and haze reflection components .6 6.3.1 General ..6 6.3.2 Recognition of the interaction of unwanted reflection components in the IS0 9241-3xx series. 6 1 Luminance balance ..6 8 Glareandtheambientilluminationinthe office-workingenvironment ..6 8.1 Ambient illuminance .6 8.2 Arrangementofthecomputerworkarea .7 8.3 Surface finishes (reflectivity) 8.3.1 General 7 8.3.2 Conversion of specular gloss values to specular reflectance values 9 Literature review of research regarding unwanted reflections from the bezel, screen housing, or other inactive areas of the display visible during use ..8 9.1 General 9.2 Bezel gloss. .8 9.2.1 Howarth and Hodder, 2004 .8 9.2.2 Béland and Andrén. .8 9.2.3 Howarth and Hodder, 2013 ..8 9.3 Bezel reflectance .9 9.3.1 General. .9 9.3.2 Hunter, et al. 9 9.3.3 Soderston, et al. .9 9.3.4 Béland and Andrén .10 9.3.5 Howarth and Hodder .11 9.3.6 Conclusions from the literature regarding bezel gloss and reflectance ..1 10 A review of the literature regarding eyestrain due to vergence and accommodative demands of glare reflections ..11 10.1 Accommodative stress. .11 10.2 Vergence stress. ..12 11 Summary and conclusions .12 iii thout license from IHS Not for Resale, 2016/3/29 05:44:51